A number is a mathematical value used for counting or measuring or labelling objects. Numbers are used to perform arithmetic calculations.

The study of number systems is one of the important processes and basic steps that is to be followed while programming a digital machine. We will discuss different number systems commonly used to represent data.

The four most common number system types are:

1. Decimal number system (Base- 10)
2. Binary number system (Base- 2)
3. Octal number system (Base-8)
4. Hexadecimal number system (Base- 16)